Late Roman and Byzantine Greece (Sixth to Twelfth Century)

glassmaking in shām during fourth/tenth to sixth/twelfth centuries

there is disagreement about the antiquity of glassmaking industry in shām. some trace it back to the post-islamic era and regard it as being inspired by the roman artisans who had been employed for constructing buildings in the umayyad reign. others, however, believe that this industry is traced back to centuries before islam entered shām and was restored and developed by the support of the cal...

Christians and Jews in the Twelfth-Century Werewolf Renaissance.

In the late twelfth century, northern European Jewish mystics engaged in a sustained, unprecedented effort to explore the theological meaning of werewolves. This article seeks to anchor this surprising preoccupation in contemporary European religious culture, arguing that medieval Jews and Christians found werewolves "good to think with" in exploring the spiritual status of the (mutable, unstab...

A Theology of Byzantine Icons with Emphasis on the Sixth

Sixth and Twelfth Cranial Nerve Palsies Following Basal Skull Fracture Involving Clivus and Occipital Condyle

Oblique basal skull fractures resulting from lateral crushing injuries involving both clivus and occipital condyle are rare due to their deep locations. Furthermore, these fractures may present clinically with multiple cranial nerve injuries because neural exit routes are restricted in this intricate region. The authors present an interesting case of basal skull fractures involving the clivus a...

Neuroborreliosis with enhancement of the third, fifth, sixth, and twelfth cranial nerves.

7-year-old girl presented with a one-week history of diplopia. On examination, left abducens nerve palsy was found. There was no clinical evidence of meningitis or of involvement of cranial nerves other than the abducens nerve. C-reactive protein and white blood cell count were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed enhancement of 3 rd , 5 th , 6 th , and 12 th cranial nerves (Fig. 1);...